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ECT113 : Human Factors Communications And Handoffs
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ECT113 : Human Factors Communications And Handoffs
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Course Code: ECT113
University: Coventry University
MyAssignmentHelp.com is not sponsored or endorsed by this college or university
Country: United Kingdom
Question:
1. Quality improvements are common in clinical settings. Most of these quality improvement efforts rarely (if any) use HF methods. As practitioners, what do you think is the role of HF methods in QI initiatives – What potential advantages, if any, would HF methods provide for QI initiatives?2. An evaluation of an electronic handoff tool in a critical care unit showed that the tool was not effective and did not improve clinician performance (e.g., number of missed tasks, errors). Follow-up surveys of clinicians suggested that the tool negatively affected their workflow. Audits of the tool usage confirmed that clinicians discontinued the tool usage after the first week. To address this problem, the hospital officials organized training sessions for clinicians to improve the tool usage. Would you consider this approach used in this particular scenario to support the human factors paradigm? If yes, describe why the training approach can potentially improve future usage? If not, what would be an alternate strategy to evaluate the non-usage and potentially reinstate the tool for future use. Why?
Answer:
Ergonomics or human factors encompasses the scientific discipline that is concerned with gaining a clear understanding of interaction between humans and different elements of the profession and systems. Its primary aim is to optimize wellbeing of the humans (Karsh et al., 2006). In other words, human factors refer to organizational, environmental and job related factors that have the capability of influencing behavior in a way that influences health and safety.
The disciplines of HF and quality improvement (QI) have been developed with the aim of engaging workers in the recognition of different problems and solution development. While HF focuses more on the wellbeing and safety of individuals, QIF illustrates the importance of production quality control. HF can offer advantages to QIF can be attributed to the fact that the former would explore a problem by looking at different individuals, within the system, their interaction, followed by redesigning the interfaces, tasks and system. Furthermore, HF will also help in gaining a sound understanding of the mechanisms that underlie human errors and violate patient safety (Carayon, Xie & Kianfar, 2014). Identification of these errors and system resilience would make the healthcare authorities take efforts for QI, thereby enhancing patient safety. Ergonomics paradigm has also been found to play a major role in improving the system designs that affect the patient outcomes such as, injuries, quality and error. Thus, HF helps in specifying a mechanism for the kind of system designs that might result in quality improvement in the identified paradigms (Karsh et al., 2006). Macro-ergonomics also play a crucial role in assisting hospitals to improve their overall quality that is associated with patient care. HF professionals having the necessary expertise in patient safety are also considered to bring about QI in hospitals that have a death of safety expertise (Russ et al., 2013). Thus, patient safety, and identification of major mechanisms that violate patient safety are some of the major advantages of ergonomics that lead to quality improvement in healthcare settings.
Patient handoffs encompass information and social interaction exchange that occurs when the patient care responsibility gets transferred from one clinician to other. Handoff communication involves a context sensitive practice of care transition that is dependent on the beliefs, organizational culture, and human factors. Thus, dedicated electronic tools are used for facilitating clinical handoffs. Research evidences suggest that failure to provide opportunities for adequate training sessions often contributes to a diminished clinical performance and threatens patient safety (Arora, Johnson, Lovinger, Humphrey & Meltzer, 2005). Thus, training sessions can be considered as an appropriate approach for helping the care providers gain a sound understanding of the electronic handoff tool and its proper implementation procedures. The amount of training that is provided to the end users determines the impact that the technology will create on patient safety. Hence, training is an essential aspect of cognitive performance that must be taken into account, during implementation of the electronic procedure (Galliers, Wilson & Fone, 2007). The training tools are imperative for enhancing the delivery of healthcare services by allowing the professionals to improve patient safety, through the optimal use of the electronic handoff technology. Lack of conduction of formal trainings, are a major barrier in the implementation of electronic patient handoff (Kripalani et al., 2007). Proper training programs should be created with the use of HF strategies, for the complex multimodal communication related processes. Thus, all efforts must be taken to provide adequate opportunities for training and practice to the healthcare providers.
Thus, it can be concluded that quality improvement in healthcare settings can be accomplished by implementation of an effective ergonomic design in the healthcare workplace will result in an improvement in quality by reducing risks of errors and hazards that are related to ergonomic risk factors. Furthermore, ergonomic changes and proper training opportunities will also improve the technical competencies of the healthcare staff and lead to better implementation of handoff tools, thereby safeguarding the patients.
References:
Arora, V., Johnson, J., Lovinger, D., Humphrey, H. J., & Meltzer, D. O. (2005). Communication failures in patient sign-out and suggestions for improvement: a critical incident analysis. BMJ Quality & Safety, 14(6), 401-407.
Carayon, P., Xie, A., & Kianfar, S. (2014). Human factors and ergonomics as a patient safety practice. BMJ Qual Saf, 23(3), 196-205.
Galliers, J., Wilson, S., & Fone, J. (2007). A method for determining information flow breakdown in clinical systems. International journal of medical informatics, 76, S113-S121.
Karsh, B. T., Holden, R. J., Alper, S. J., & Or, C. K. L. (2006). A human factors engineering paradigm for patient safety: designing to support the performance of the healthcare professional. BMJ Quality & Safety, 15(suppl 1), i59-i65.
Kripalani, S., LeFevre, F., Phillips, C. O., Williams, M. V., Basaviah, P., & Baker, D. W. (2007). Deficits in communication and information transfer between hospital-based and primary care physicians: implications for patient safety and continuity of care. Jama, 297(8), 831-841.
Russ, A. L., Fairbanks, R. J., Karsh, B. T., Militello, L. G., Saleem, J. J., & Wears, R. L. (2013). The science of human factors: separating fact from fiction. BMJ Qual Saf, 22(10), 802-808.
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