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HRMT20024 Managing Human Resources

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HRMT20024 Managing Human Resources

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Course Code: HRMT20024
University: Central Queensland University

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Country: Australia

Question:

Describe the differences between diversity management and equal employment opportunity
Discuss the role of diversity management for organisational performance
Identify initiatives that can be used to manage diversity
Identify challenges facing the development and implementation of initiatives to manage diversity
Describe key features of a work–life balance program
Identify the costs and benefits of implementing policies that assist employees to manage their work and non-work

Answer:

Essay on Attracting and Retaining Staff
The purpose of this essay is to enlighten the reader about the aspects of human resource management along with the challenges faced by the organization in retail industry. The retail industry is one such industry that requires large number of people in their business. The industry also faces a regular need to employ people in business and retain them as well. Many companies like David Jones, Aldi, and Tesco etc. faces a continuous need to employ people in the business in increase the business functions as well. The dynamics of retail industry explains that all the actions are prepared and completed at a vast level due to which the companies present in this industry constantly require people with low expertise to successfully manage the actions of the companies. Further, the below-mentioned report evaluate details about the challenges faced by companies in attracting and retaining the employees in the retail industry (Terera, & Ngirande, 2014). More details about the paper are discussed below:
According to Hurst & Good (2009), attracting and retaining the employees is looked as the most important work of the human resources management of the company. The employees are the biggest asset of the organization with the help of which an organization effectively works. The human resource management is the department of the organization that specifically deals in attracting and retaining the employees in an organization. As there is lack of expertise in the industry due to which retention has become one of the major concern of companies present in this industry. However, no employee wants to stay in this industry due to pressure, workload and tension. However, this industry regularly attains the concentration of the customers in the market because of the type of products that they provide. And in order to meet the needs of customers, the company regularly requires human resource as well (Stone, & Deadrick, 2015).
There are ample number of challenges present in the retail industry that affect the attraction and retention of employees in the market. Lack of development and career opportunities can be seen as one of the most important reason due to which companies fail to initiate human resource management activities.
Lack of career advancement and development opportunities
The companies present in this industry face difficulty in attracting and retaining staff because they are uncompetitive in the target market. Repetition of work makes the people bored that results in dissatisfaction from their jobs. The management of a retail company provides same type of work to the employees on daily basis that makes the employee feel that their talent is not used properly. Resulting in which they leave the job to find a job that adequately acknowledges their talent. So, it can be said that boredom in the jobs can be seen as one of the most important factor that challenges the process of retention and attraction of employees in this industry (Festing, & Schäfer, 2014).
High degree of Competition in Industry
There is presence of high degree of competition in the industry that makes it difficult to attract and retain the employees. Industry competition is one thing but competition between the employees of different industries also affect the growth of companies. For instance, if an employee is working Woolworths and he is thinking to switch his job, then he will receive various from companies present in same industry like Aldi, Coles etc. and from the companies present in other industry as well. And if the employees feel like changing the industry then he will switch in search of a better job. Thus, it can be said that a company fails in attracting the employees in the industry. Further, according to the two factor theory of Herzberg, there are four possible combinations that judge the satisfaction level of an employee in the organization (Imna, & Hassan, 2015). These fours combinations are discussed below:
High Hygiene + High Motivation: employees are highly motivated and have fewer complaints.
High Hygiene + Low Motivation: few complaints but are not highly motivated
Low Hygiene + High Motivation: employees are motivated but have lots of complaints
Low Hygiene + Low Motivation: worst situation  in which there is a lack of motivation as well as more of complaints.
The process of standardized work in a retail industry leads to the aspect of high hygiene and low motivation as the employees look at their jobs only as a paycheck. Sooner or later, due to this type of dissatisfaction, the employees leave their jobs (Hannington, 2016).
Lack of Proper Job Evaluation
The organizations present in the retail industry should also look after the proper job description and person description as well. It is very important for the company to recruit the right type of person for the right type of job. If the human resource management of the company does not make this match then ultimately the employee will leave the organization. If the organization hires an underprepared employee for performing high-level job then he will leave the company due to out of expertise work and the company hires a quality person for the lower level job then also he will leave the company out frustration. Understanding the type of employees along with job specification will successfully help the company to attract as well as retain the employees in the organization (Howard, Turban, & Hurley, 2016).
Lack of Effective recruitment practices
Contract staffing can also be assumed as one of the challenges in the process of attracting and retaining the employees in the organization. Many times due to emergent need or various other reasons, the company hires the employees on contract basis. In contract basis staffing, the company employees people on contract by the way of the third party. The entrance of the third party makes it difficult to create a bond with the human resource management of the company. Resulting in which, the employees leave the job after their period expires. Under this case, it can also be seen that the ineffectiveness of the human resource management of the company to create bond affects the overall employee turnover rate of the company (Falola, Osibanjo, & Ojo, 2014).
Job Dissatisfaction and Less Compensation (Employment Relations)
Reward and compensation can be seen as the biggest driver for change in an organization. Employees of a company are directly motivated if they receive rewards and good pay from the organization. On the other hand, deductions in salaries negatively affect the employees in a company. Considering in a retail industry, the company pays very less to the salesman and the storekeepers due to which they leave the job. Initially, it can be clearly seen that this type of work not fascinating to the people at all, in fact people only work in supermarkets just because they want to earn money. Secondly, it should also be noted that the companies present in the retail industry does not pay well to the employees as well. This results in dissatisfaction among employees (Oladapo, 2014).
The employees in an organization stay for two reasons, either they love the job or they love the money that they are getting from the job. So, it is important for the companies to compensate the employees according to the work that they do so that they can effectively retain them and attract new people on the basis of high salary as well. Compensation is the best motivator as well, so if an employee receives the optimum amount of pay in the environment and it increases with time as well, then he will never leave the job. Other monetary and non-monetary incentives also play a lead role in motivating the employees to stay in the organization. In the retail industry, the companies do not pay adequately to employees considering the work, instead, the employees in this industry are underpaid. As there is a regular demand for goods and services in the retail sector, due to which the employees need to work overtime as well (Oh, Weitz, & Lim, 2016). Considering the work done by employees the companies should compensate them with additional benefits but sadly they don’t receive any. Resulting in which, motivation leads to dissatisfaction and they ultimately leave the job. Relating it to the theory of equity, it should be noted that the theory states that equity is measured by comparing the ratio of contribution (cost), and benefits (rewards) for each person present in the organization. It is important for the human resource management of the company to maintain the relation between the inputs that employees bring to the job and the outputs delivered by the company. If there is fair and justified treatment according to this theory then the employees will feel motivated otherwise they will lose interest in the job. Some of the inputs are, time, efforts, trust, education, commitment, hard work etc. while some of the outputs are, job security, salary, recognition, employee benefits etc. (Haider, et. al., 2015).
Rise of Managerial unilateralism
Managerial unilateralism refers to the situation under which the managers present in the industry lays stress on the employees of the company. Under this type of environment, the employers themselves make rules without making discussion with the team. The exercise of sharing rule-making process is not followed under this type of environment. The employers present in the retail industry make use this type of leadership in the society due to which the employees face the problem of insignificance and ultimately leave the organization.
Lack of Training and Development Facility in the industry
Training is also one of those factors that change the interest of the employees to stay in an organization. Training is considered as a positive aspect that helps the new employees to understand with the process of the company and it helps the existing employees to learn more about the changes happening in the company. As a going concern organization regularly requires to change their business process time to time, in the same way, the employees need to change their actions time to time according to the direction of the company (Yadav, & Saxena, 2015). So, in such cases, if the company will not provide adequate training to the employees then they will become rigid and will not work effectively for the purpose of the growth of the company. Also, if the company will not train the new employees effectively, then they will leave the job in beginning only (George, 2015).
As examined over that there is nonappearance of training and development process in the association, because of which changes in the administrative procedure adversely influence the development of the organization in the outer market. It is critical for the associations to execute compelling change management program in order to assist the workers with understanding the exercises activities of the organization. Likewise, it ought to be noticed that recognition is the key factor that assumes a noteworthy attracting in and retaining the workers in the company (Albrech, 2011). In the retail area, associations, for the most part, make utilization of team-based organizational structure because of which aggregate group is valued or reprimanded by the association. However, the commitment of the worker exclusively is never perceived in the association coming about to which underperformance and over the execution of the group influences them, however, the work done by them is never checked in the association (Broadbridge, Maxwell, & Ogden, 2007). This is additionally one of the real cause because of which representatives leave their employment in the retail business. These workers enter in different parts where they get rewards from the association based on their own execution and not the accomplishments of the gathering (Michie, & Sheehan, 2005).
Increasing in Repetition of work and globalization
It ought to be noticed that rivalry in the business along with influencing the incomes of organizations in the environment influences the human resource management of the associations too. The organization giving better advantages attracts the workers to the greatest level. Additionally, the associations confront trouble in attracting the representatives with the impact of globalization. As now, the organizations don’t rival each other in the local condition yet they contend with different associations or same and distinctive industry(Hurst, & Good, 2009). The workers have begun moving to different parts of the world because of which not many representatives are left with the residential business. In this way, it ought to be noticed that with the impact of globalization, the quality workers are skimmed on the worldwide level (Sissons, & Green, 2017).
Further, it ought to be noticed that millennial individuals present in the environment don’t lean toward entering the retail area and this industry additionally neglects to attract the youthful ability present in the market. The representatives present in this environment are continually requested to play out similar activities over and over because of which they lose their adequacy and effectiveness and the millennial representatives need to regularly work on new tasks and imaginative activities on standard premise. The retail business can’t give such administration work in the environment because of which they fail in drawing in the attraction of individuals in the organization (Roman, & Mason, 2015).
So, in this manner, it ought to be noticed that the previously mentioned statements clarified the difficulties looked by associations in attracting in and retaining the workers in the retail business. Great work environment condition is one of the ways to attract the representatives in the association and hold them too. No representative could ever need to work in an association where there is the proximity of the negative work environment condition. In this way, if the association starts successful communication with the representatives then they will naturally remain for a more period of time in the association (Sparks, 1992). Further, perks, bonuses and incentives additionally assume a noteworthy job in holding and pulling in the workers in the target market. The organization present in the retail segment should start an incentive process above the basic pay of the employees in order to inspire them to work better and procure better too. Incentives and pay are the greatest inspiring variable; any worker that switches the activity is principal because of fewer remuneration benefits. Further, advancement is another ways should be implemented through which the association can attract and retain the workers in the activities of the association (Rathi, & Lee, 2015).
As talked about over that boredom is likewise one factor because of which workers switch their employment. Along these stanzas, if the companies influence utilization of new and innovative practices in their day to day schedule activities then retail industry too can attract and retain the quality millennial workers easily and make them stay in the organization for a longer period of time as well. So, in the end, the companies should also actualize training and development practices to enable the representatives to change their mind in accordance with the company. This aspect will likewise add a helping hand for representatives to utilize innovative practices and reduce the level of difficulties as well. With the assistance of viable training, the representatives will become acquainted with about the company and the work that they need to do. Resulting in which, they won’t confront trouble in completing the given tasks.
Thus, in the limelight of the above-mentioned events, the fact should be noted that the employees in an organization are the most important asset for the company. Considering in the retail industry, the companies present in this industry face more difficulty in attracting and retaining the employees because of the kind of work their offer in the market. Lack of recognition and repetition in work leads to boredom that affect the satisfaction level of employees and there leave the job. The hiring of qualified employees and retaining them by providing perks should be one of the things that the company should do in order to satisfy them.
References
Albrech, S. L. (2011). Handbook of employee engagement: Perspectives, issues, research and practice. Human Resource Management International Digest, 19(7).
Broadbridge, A. M., Maxwell, G. A., & Ogden, S. M. (2007). 13_2_30: experiences, perceptions and expectations of retail employment for Generation Y. Career Development International, 12(6), 523-544.
Festing, M., & Schäfer, L. (2014). Generational challenges to talent management: A framework for talent retention based on the psychological-contract perspective. Journal of World Business, 49(2), 262-271.
George, W.R., 2015. Internal marketing for retailers: The junior executive employee. In Proceedings of the 1984 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference (pp. 322-325). Springer, Cham.
Haider, M., Rasli, A., Akhtar, C. S., Yusoff, R. B. M., Malik, O. M., Aamir, A., … & Tariq, F. (2015). The impact of human resource practices on employee retention in the telecom sector. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 5(1S), 63-69.
Hannington, T. (2016). How to measure and manage your corporate reputation. UK: Routledge.
Howard, L. W., Turban, D. B., & Hurley, S. K. (2016). Cooperating teams and competing reward strategies: Incentives for team performance and firm productivity. Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management, 3(3), 1054.
Hurst, J. L., & Good, L. K. (2009). Generation Y and career choice: The impact of retail career perceptions, expectations and entitlement perceptions. Career Development International, 14(6), 570-593.
Imna, M., & Hassan, Z. (2015). Influence of Human Resource Management practices on Employee Retention in Maldives Retail Industry. International Journal of Accounting, Business and Management. Research Paper, 3(1), 28.
Michie, J., & Sheehan, M. (2005). Business strategy, human resources, labour market flexibility and competitive advantage. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 16(3), 445-464.
Oh, H., Weitz, B., & Lim, J. (2016). Retail career attractiveness to college students: Connecting individual characteristics to the trade-off of job attributes. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 31, 345-354.
Oladapo, V. (2014). The impact of talent management on retention. Journal of business studies quarterly, 5(3), 19.
Rathi, N., & Lee, K. (2015). Retaining talent by enhancing organizational prestige: An HRM strategy for employees working in the retail sector. Personnel Review, 44(4), 454-469.
Falola, H. O., Osibanjo, A. O., & Ojo, I. S. (2014). Effectiveness of training and development on employees’ performance and organisation competitiveness in the nigerian banking industry. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of bra?ov, 7(1), 161.
Roman, L. J., & Mason, R. B. (2015). Employment equity in the South African retail sector: Legal versus competence and business imperatives. South African Journal of Labour Relations, 39(2), 84-104.
Sissons, P., & Green, A. E. (2017). More than a match? Assessing the HRM challenge of engaging employers to support retention and progression. Human Resource Management Journal, 27(4), 565-580.
Sparks, L. (1992). Restructuring retail employment. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 20(3). Retrieved from: https://search.proquest.com/central/docview/210970837/fulltext/B40D6E443A984174PQ/4?accountid=188056 
Stone, D. L., & Deadrick, D. L. (2015). Challenges and opportunities affecting the future of human resource management. Human Resource Management Review, 25(2), 139-145.
Terera, S. R., & Ngirande, H. (2014). The impact of rewards on job satisfaction and employee retention. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(1), 481.
Yadav, P., & Saxena, S. (2015). Interrelationship among Employee Retention Strategies Adopted by Corporate Sector: An Empirical Study. International Journal of Research in Management, Science and Technology, 3(2), 196-201.

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